Saturday, January 29, 2011

JET VTOL RUSSIA

Soviet Jet VTOL: Yak-36, Yak-38, & Yak-41

* Beginning in the 1950s, the West began to work on various concepts for jet-powered vertical takeoff or landing (VTOL) combat aircraft. Of course, during those days of the Cold War, whatever the West did, the Soviets had to do as well (and the reverse), so the USSR developed a series of jet VTOL machines. This document provides a history and description of Soviet jet VTOL combat aircraft efforts
.
Yakovlev Yak-41M Freestyle

Jet VTOL boleh berlepas dan mendarat dikawasan yang sempit.Jet VTOL boleh berhenti di udara,Jet ini digunakan pada tahun 1960-an.Jet Russia ialah Yakovlev Yak 36 manakala jet British Hawker Siddeley
Harrier.Jet ini juga merupakan pesawat kombat yang bagus

Yakovlev Yak-36

Four Yak-36s were built, with only two actually used for flight tests. Initial tethered flights were in 1963, with an initial untethered flight using a conventional takeoff on 27 July 1964, and the first full VTOL flight on 24 March 1966. Yuri Garnayev performed the initial flights, though he was hospitalized after an accident in a helicopter, and most of the flights, including the first full VTOL flight, were performed by Valentin Mukhin.

Thursday, January 27, 2011

HELIKOPTER

AH-1W / AH-1Z Super Cobra Attack Helicopter, USA


Test flight of the Super Cobra in December 2000  
 
 Helikopter merupakan pesawat yang melakukan serangan darat,Helikopter pertama dicipta pada tahun 1930-an.Heli boleh berlepas dan mendarat dikawasan yang sempit.heli juga buleh berhenti di udara atau kekal di satu tempat di udara.Heli juga sebagai misi membawa tentera yang cedera keluar dari tempat pertempuran dengan cepat ke tempat rawatan perubatan diluar kawasan medan perang.
Heli juga sebagai pesawat penyerang dilengkapi dengan peluru berpandu yang dikawal menggunakan radar untuk menembak sasaran dari udara ke udara dan ke darat.

Wednesday, January 26, 2011

TUNISIA

Tunisia (Bahasa Arab: تونس), secara rasminya Republik Tunisia (الجمهورية التونسية), ialah sebuah negara yang terletak di pantai Mediterranean di Afrika Utara. Ia adalah negara Afrika yang paling utara serta negara terkecil yang terletak di Banjaran Atlas. Lebih kurang 40% daripada negara ini terdiri daripada gurun Sahara, dengan kebanyakan kawasan yang lain terdiri khususnya daripada tanih subur. Kedua-dua kawasan tersebut memainkan peranan yang utama pada zaman kuno, awal-awalnya kepada kota Carthage Phoenicia yang termasyhur dan kemudiannya, sebagai Provinsi Afrika yang kemudian dikenali sebagai bakul roti Empayar Rom. Panjang garis pinggir lautnya 1,300 kilometer.
Nama Tunis (bahasa Arab untuk kedua-dua negara dan ibu negara) dianggap berasal daripada bahasa Barbar yang membawa pengertian "tanjung tinggi" atau "menghabiskan malam".

Monday, January 24, 2011

MATAHARI

Matahari merupakan bintang terdekat dengan Bumi dengan jarak purata 149,680,000 kilometer (93,026,724 batu). Matahari dan lapan buah planet membentuk Sistem Suria. Matahari mempunyai diameter 1,391,980 kilometer dengan suhu permukaan 5,500 °C dan suhu teras 15 juta °C. Matahari dikelaskan sebagai bintang kerdil jenis G. Cahaya daripada matahari memakan masa 8 minit untuk sampai ke Bumi dan cahaya yang terang ini boleh mengakibatkan sesiapa yang memandang terus kepada matahari, menjadi buta.
Matahari merupakan satu bebola plasma dengan jisim sekitar 2 x 1030 kg. Untuk terus bersinar, matahari, yang terdiri daripada gas panas menukar unsur hidrogen kepada helium melalui tindak balas gabungan nuklear pada kadar 600 juta tan, dengan itu kehilangan empat juta tan jisim setiap saat. Matahari dipercayai terbentuk pada 5,000 juta tahun lalu. Kepadatan jisim matahari adalah 1.41 berbanding jisim air. Jumlah tenaga matahari yang sampai ke permukaan bumi dikenali sebagai pemalar suria menyamai 1.37 kilowatt semeter persegi setiap saat.
Gambar sinar-X matahari
Matahari berputar 25.04 hari bumi setiap putaran dan mempunyai graviti 27.9 kali graviti bumi. Terdapat julangan gas teramat panas yang boleh mencecah sehingga 100,000 kilometer ke angkasa. Marakan matahari ini boleh mengganggu gelombang komunikasi seperti radio, televisyen dan radar di bumi dan mampu merosakkan satelit atau stesen angkasa yang tidak dilindung. Matahari juga menghasilkan gelombang radio, gelombang ultraungu, sinar inframerah, sinar-X, dan angin suria yang merebak ke seluruh Sistem Suria.
Bumi dilindungi daripada angin suria oleh medan magnet bumi, sementara lapisan ozon pula melindungi bumi daripada sinaran ultraungu dan inframerah. Terdapat tompokan hitam yang wujud dari masa ke semasa pada matahari yang disebabkan oleh perbezaan suhu di permukaan matahari. Tompokan hitam itu menandakan kawasan yang kurang panas berbanding kawasan lain dan mencecah keluasan melebihi saiz bumi. Kadang-kala peredaran bulan mengelilingi bumi menghalang sinaran matahari daripada sampai ke bumi, oleh itu mengakibatkan kejadian gerhana matahari berlaku.

BULAN DALAM SISTEM SURIA

Bulan terbesar dalam sistem suria (yang lebih besar dari 3000 km keratan rentas) adalah bulan bumi, bulan Galilean planet Musytari bulan Io, bulan Europa, bulan Ganymede, dan bulan Callisto, bulan planet Zuhal, bulan Titan, dan bulan yang ditawan planet Neptun, bulan Triton. Untuk bulan lebih kecil lihat planet berkenaan.
Jadual perbandingan mengelaskan bulan sistem suria menurut diameter, juga mempunyai ruang untuk asteroid, planet, dan objek lingkaran Kuiper yang terkenal.
Diameter(km) Bumi Marikh Mars Musytari Jupiter Zuhal Saturn Uranus Neptun Pluto Objek lain kilometer ke Utarid,
108.2 juta kilometer ke Zuhrah, 
  149.6 juta kilometer ke Bumi, 
  227.9 juta kilometer ke Marikh, 
  778.3 juta kilometer ke Musytari, 
1,427.0 juta kilometer ke Zuhal, 
2,871.0 juta kilometer ke Uranus, 
4,497.0 juta kilometer ke Neptun, 
5,913.5 juta kilometer ke *Pluto. 
  • Penemuan terbaru telah menyedarkan

5000-6000

Ganymede Titan



4000-5000

bulan Callisto



Planet Utarid
3000-4000 Bulan
bulan Io
Bulan Europa





2000-3000




bulan Triton
planet Pluto
1000-2000



bulan Rhea
Bulan Iapetus
Bulan Dione
Bulan Tethys
Bulan Titania
Bulan Oberon
Bulan Umbriel
Bulan Ariel


90377 Sedna
90482 Orcus
50000 Quaoar
20000 Varuna
28978 Ixion
100-1000

Bulan Himalia
Bulan Amalthea
Bulan Enceladus Bulan Mimas
Bulan Hyperion
Bulan Phoebe
Bulan Janus
Bulan Epimetheus
Bulan Prometheus
Bulan Miranda
Bulan Sycorax
Bulan Puck
Bulan Portia
Bulan Proteus
Bulan Nereid
Bulan Larissa
Bulan Galatea
Bulan Despina

Bulan Charon
1 Ceres
2 Pallas
3 Juno
4 Vesta
(dan banyak lagi)
50-100

Bulan Thebe
Bulan Elara
Bulan Pasiphaë
Bulan Pandora Bulan Caliban
Bulan Juliet
Bulan Belinda
Bulan Cressida
Bulan Rosalind
Bulan Desdemona
Bulan Bianca
Bulan Thalassa
Bulan Naiad
S/2002 N 4

(Terlalu banyak untuk disenarai)
10-50
Bulan Phobos
Bulan Deimos
Bulan Carme
Bulan Metis
Bulan Sinope
Bulan Lysithea
Bulan Ananke
Bulan Leda
Bulan Adrastea
Bulan Siarnaq Bulan Atlas
Bulan Helene
Bulan Albiorix
Bulan Telesto
Bulan Pan
Bulan Paaliaq
Bulan Calypso
Bulan Ymir
Bulan Kiviuq
Bulan Tarvos
Bulan Ijiraq
Bulan Polydeuces
Bulan Ophelia Bulan Cordelia
Bulan Setebos
Bulan Prospero
Bulan Stephano
S/1986 U 10
S/2001 U 2
S/2001 U 3
S/2003 U 3
Bulan Trinculo
S/2003 U 1
S/2003 U 2
S/2002 N1
S/2002 N 2
S/2002 N 3
S/2003 N 1

(Terlampau banyak untuk disenarai)
kurang dari 10 Cruithne¹
At least 47, see Musytari's natural satellites for a listing. Bulan Erriapo
Bulan Narvi
Bulan Skathi
Bulan Mundilfari
Bulan Suttungr
Bulan Thrymr
Bulan Pallene
Bulan Methone
S/2004 S 3
S/2005 S 1



(Terlampau banyak untuk disenarai)
¹ Cruithne diperdebatkan samaada ia sebenarnya bulan, bagaimanapun ia disenaraikan sebagai perbandingan.
Tambahan kepada bulan dipelbagai planet, terdapat juga 30 bulan asteroid yang diketahui, asteroid yang mengorbit asteroid lain.


Friday, January 21, 2011

SUHU MATAHARI

Menurut perhitungan para ahli, temperatur di permukaan matahari sekitar 6.000 °C namun ada juga yang menyebutkan suhu permukaan sebesar 5.500 °C. Jenis batuan atau logam apapun yang ada di Bumi ini akan lebur pada suhu setinggi itu. Temperatur tertinggi terletak di bagian tengahnya yang diperkirakan tidak kurang dari 25 juta derajat Celsius namun disebutkan juga kalau suhu pada intinya 15 juta derajat Celsius. Ada pula yang menyebutkan temperatur di inti matahari kira kira sekitar 13.889.000 °C. Menurut JR Meyer, panas matahari berasal dari batu meteor yang berjatuhan dengan kecepatan tinggi pada permukaan matahari. Sedangkan menurut teori kontraksi H Helmholz, panas itu berasal dari menyusutnya bola gas. Ahli lain, Dr Bothe menyatakan bahwa panas tersebut berasal dari reaksi-reaksi termonuklir yang juga disebut reaksi hidrogen helium sintetis.

MATAHARI TERBENAM

Matahari terbenam (bahasa Inggris: sunset atau sundown) adalah waktu di mana matahari menghilang di bawah garis cakrawala di sebelah barat. Warna merah di langit pada waktu matahari terbenam dan terbit disebabkan oleh kombinasi penyebaran Rayleigh warna biru dan tingkat kepadatan atmosfir bumi.

Cakrawala, kaki langit, horizon (dari bahasa Yunani orizein yang bermakna "membatasi"), atau ufuk adalah garis yang memisahkan bumi dari langit. Lebih tepatnya, horizon adalah garis yang membagi arah garis pandang kita ke dalam dua kategori: arah garis pandang yang memotong permukaan Bumi, dan yang tidak. Di banyak lokasi, horizon benar terhalangi oleh pohon, bangunan, gunung, dan sejenisnya, yang membuat perpotongan antara bidang permukaan bumi dan bidang langit kemudian dikenal sebagai horizon tampak.


Langit adalah bagian atas dari permukaan bumi, dan digolongkan sebagai lapisan tersendiri yang disebut atmosfer. Langit terdiri dari banyak gas dan udara, dengan komposisi berbeda di tiap lapisannya. Langit sering terlihat berwarna biru, disebabkan karena pemantulan cahaya, tetapi tidak tertutup kemungkinan bahwa langit bisa berwarna selain itu, misalnya merah ketika senja, atau hitam saat turun hujan.

Thursday, January 20, 2011

PENAWAR KANSER

Penyakit kanser merupakan antara pembunuh utama pada masa kini, bukan hanya di Malaysia, tetapi juga di seluruh dunia. Para saintis dan doktor sibuk mencari penawar untuk penyakit kanser yang telah banyak menular ini. Salah satu penemuan penting mereka ialah buah graviola atau dikenali sebagai durian belanda di kalangan orang Malaysia. Dengan izin Allah, dikatakan pesakit kanser dapat sembuh apabila berubat dengan buah durian belanda ini. Untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut, sila baca artikel penawar kanser di bawah ini. Minta maaf kerana artikel penawar kanser ini dalam bahasa Inggeris.
The Sour Sop or the fruit from the graviola tree is a miraculous natural cancer cell killer 10,000 times stronger than Chemo. Why are we not aware of this? It’s because some big corporation want to make back their money spent on years of research by trying to make a synthetic version of it for sale.
Cancer Cure 1
So, since you know it now, you can help a friend in need by letting him know or just drink some sour sop juice yourself as prevention from time to time. The taste is not bad after all. It’s completely natural and definitely has no side effects. If you have the space, plant one in your garden. The other parts of the tree are also useful.
The next time you have a fruit juice, ask for a sour sop. How many people died in vain while this billion-dollar drug maker concealed the secret of the miraculous Graviola tree? This tree is low and is called graviola in Brazil, guanabana in Spanish and has the uninspiring name “soursop” in English.
Cancer Cure 1
The fruit is very large and the subacid sweet white pulp is eaten out of hand or, more commonly, used to make fruit drinks, sherbets and such. The principal interest in this plant is because of its strong anti-cancer effects. Although it is effective for a number of medical conditions, it is its anti tumor effect that is of most interest. This plant is a proven cancer remedy for cancers of all types.
Cancer Cure 1
Besides being a cancer remedy, graviola is a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent for both bacterial and fungal infections, is effective against internal parasites and worms, lowers high blood pressure and is used for depression, stress and nervous disorders. If there ever was a single example that makes it dramatically clear why the existence of Health Sciences Institute is so vital to Americans like you, it’s the incredible story behind the Graviola tree.
Cancer Cure 1
The truth is stunningly simple:
Deep within the Amazon Rainforest grows a tree that could literally revolutionize what you, your doctor, and the rest of the world thinks about cancer treatment and chances of survival. The future has never looked more promising.
Research shows that with extracts from this miraculous tree it now may be possible to:
* Attack cancer safely and effectively with an all-natural therapy that does not cause extreme nausea, weight loss and hair loss
* Protect your immune system and avoid deadly infections
* Feel stronger and healthier throughout the course of the treatment
* Boost your energy and improve your outlook on life
The source of this information is just as stunning: It comes from one of America ’s largest drug manufacturers, the fruit of over 20 laboratory tests conducted since the 1970’s! What those tests revealed was nothing short of mind numbing…
Cancer Cure 1
Extracts from the tree were shown to:
* Effectively target and kill malignant cells in 12 types of cancer, including colon, breast, prostate, lung and pancreatic cancer.
* The tree compounds proved to be up to 10,000 times stronger in slowing the growth of cancer cells than Adriamycin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug!
* What’s more, unlike chemotherapy, the compound extracted from the Graviola tree selectively hunts-down and kills only cancer cells. It does not harm healthy cells! The amazing anti-cancer properties of the Graviola tree have been extensively researched– so why haven’t you heard anything about it? If Graviola extract is as half as promising as it appears to be– why doesn’t every single oncologist at every major hospital insist on using it on all his or her patients?
The spine-chilling answer illustrates just how easily our health– and for many, our very lives(!)–are controlled by money and power.
Graviola–the plant that worked too well
One of America’s biggest billion-dollar drug makers began a search for a cancer cure and their research centered on Graviola, a legendary healing tree from the Amazon Rainforest. Various parts of the Graviola tree–including the bark, leaves, roots, fruit and fruit-seeds- -have been used for centuries by medicine men and native Indians in South America to treat heart disease, asthma, liver problems and arthritis.
Going on very little documented scientific evidence, the company poured money and resources into testing the tree’s anti-cancerous properties– and were shocked by the results. Graviola proved itself to be a cancer-killing dynamo. But that’s where the Graviola story nearly ended.
The company had one huge problem with the Graviola tree–it’s completely natural, and so, under federal law, not patentable. There’s no way to make serious profits from it. It turns out the drug company invested nearly seven years trying to synthesize two of the Graviola tree’s most powerful anti-cancer ingredients.
If they could isolate and produce man-made clones of what makes the Graviola so potent, they’d be able to patent it and make their money back. Alas, they hit a brick wall. The original simply could not be replicated. There was no way the company could protect its profits–or even make back the millions it poured into research.
As the dream of huge profits evaporated, their testing on Graviola came to a screeching halt. Even worse, the company shelved the entire project and chose not to publish the findings of its research! Luckily, however, there was one scientist from the Graviola research team whose conscience wouldn’t let him see such atrocity committed. Risking his career, he contacted a company that’s dedicated to harvesting medical plants from the Amazon Rainforest and blew the whistle.
Cancer Cure 1
Miracle unleashed
When researchers at the Health Sciences Institute were alerted to the news of Graviola, they began tracking the research done on the cancer-killing tree. Evidence of the astounding effectiveness of Graviola–and its shocking cover-up–came in fast and furious….
….The National Cancer Institute performed the first scientific research in 1976.
The results showed that Graviola’s leaves and stems were found effective in attacking and destroying malignant cells. Inexplicably, the results were published in an internal report and never released to the public……Since 1976, Graviola has proven to be an immensely potent cancer killer in 20 independent laboratory tests, yet no double-blind clinical trials– the typical benchmark mainstream doctors and journals use to judge a treatment’s value- -were ever initiated..
A study published in the Journal of Natural Products, following a recent study conducted at Catholic University of South Korea stated that one chemical in Graviola was found to selectively kill colon cancer cells at “10,000 times the potency of (the commonly used chemotherapy drug) Adriamycin.. .” ….The most significant part of the Catholic University of South Korea report is that Graviola was shown to selectively target the cancer cells, leaving healthy cells untouched. Unlike chemotherapy, which indiscriminately targets all actively reproducing cells (such as stomach and hair cells), causing the often devastating side effects of nausea and hair loss in cancer patients.
…A study at Purdue University recently found that leaves from the Graviola tree killed cancer cells among six human cell lines and were especially effective against prostate, pancreatic and lung cancers…
Seven years of silence broken–it’s finally here!
A limited supply of Graviola extract, grown and harvested by indigenous people in Brazil, is finally available in America.

Tuesday, January 18, 2011

SALAM BERKENALAN

Salam berkenalan yang jauh dan dekat,yang dikenali dan yang tidak dikenali,yang kawan dan yang tidak kawan.